A B-tree is a self-balancing search tree that improves at handling large, dynamic datasets such as those found in databases. Its design makes efficient data storage and retrieval possible, providing ordered sequential access while speeding record insertion and deletion, which is critical for effectively managing millions of records.
Following are the basic operations of B-Tree:
Finds a key in the B-Tree by traversing through nodes recursively, comparing keys, and narrowing down the search space until it finds the target key or determines its absence.
Inserts a new key-value pair into the B-Tree starting from the root, ensuring proper placement while retaining B-Tree attributes through splits and redistributions as needed.
Visits each node in the B-Tree in a predetermined order (e.g., in-order, pre-order, post-order) to efficiently access and process each key-value pair.
Removes a key-value pair from the B-Tree while preserving its structure and attributes through node merging, redistribution, and key rebalancing.
A B-Tree's space complexity is O(n), where n is the number of elements. This is because the tree's total number of nodes is proportionate to n.