SQL Server Operators
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Arithmetic Operators
Arithmetic operators perform mathematical calculations on numeric values.Example
SELECT 5 + 3 AS Addition, 10 - 4 AS Subtraction, 6 * 2 AS Multiplication, 16 / 4 AS Division;
Relational Operators
Relational operators compare values to determine if they meet specific relationships (e.g., equal, not equal, greater than, less than).Example
SELECT 5 = 5 AS Equal, 10 <> 5 AS NotEqual, 8 > 3 AS GreaterThan, 3 < 7 AS LessThan;
Assignment Operator
The assignment operator (=) assigns a value to a variable.Example
DECLARE @x INT;
SET @x = 10;
SELECT @x AS Result;
Scope Resolution Operator
SQL Server uses schema and table names separated by a dot (.) to resolve the scope of an object.Example
SELECT dbo.Employee.Name FROM dbo.Employee;
Bitwise Operators
Bitwise operators perform operations at the bit level for integers.Example
DECLARE @a INT = 5, @b INT = 3;
SELECT @a & @b AS BitwiseAND, @a | @b AS BitwiseOR, ~@a AS BitwiseNOT;
Set Operators (EXCEPT, INTERSECT, UNION)
Set operators combine or compare result sets from multiple queries.Example
SELECT employee_id FROM Employees
UNION
SELECT employee_id FROM FormerEmployees;
Comparison Operators
Comparison operators compare values to evaluate conditions in SQL queries.Example
SELECT product_name FROM Products WHERE price > 50;
String Concatenation Operator
The concatenation operator (+) combines strings in SQL Server.Example
SELECT first_name + ' ' + last_name AS full_name FROM Employees;
Compound Operators
Compound operators combine an operation with the assignment (e.g., +=, -=).Example
DECLARE @total INT = 10;
SET @total += 5;
Unary Operators
Unary operators work on a single operand.Example
SELECT -5 AS Negation, NOT 1 AS LogicalNOT;
Logical Operators
Logical operators combine conditions to evaluate logical expressions.Example
SELECT product_name FROM Products WHERE in_stock = 1 AND price < 50;
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