C# 5.0: An Overview
We know the new features of C# 3.0 and 4.0. We now have C# 6.0, but we’ll regress to tour C# 5.0’s new features since a lot of our programmer wants to know more about C# 5.0.C #'s most recent version 5.0 was released on August 15, 2012, with .NET Framework 4.5 and Visual Studio 2012.
In this C# Tutorial, we will explore more about features of C# 5.0. To dive deeper into these features and enhance your programming skills, you can enroll in a C Sharp Course Free and start learning today! The top two features added in the C# 5.0 version are as follows:
- Async Programming
- Caller Information.
Let's understand both of these features in detail as given below.
Async Feature (Asynchronous Methods)
C# 5.0 The Async feature introduces two keywords async and await which allows you to write asynchronous code more easily and intuitively than synchronous code. Before C# 5.0, for writing an asynchronous code, you need to define callbacks (also known as continuations) to capture what happens after an asynchronous process finishes. This makes your code and other routine task such as exception handling complicated.
Both keywords are used in combination with each other. Hence, an await operator is applied to one or more than one expression of an async method. An async method returns a Task or Task<TResult> that represents the ongoing work of the method. The task contains information that the caller of the asynchronous method can use, such as the status of the task, its unique ID, and the method's result. Let's elaborate on this in the C# compiler.
Example:
public async Task<IEnumerable<Product>> GetProductList()
{
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
Uri address = new Uri("http://scholarhat.com/");
client.BaseAddress = address;
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync("myservice/product/ProductList");
if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
var list = await response.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<Product>>();
return list;
}
else
{
return null;
}
}
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Caller Information (Caller info attributes)
Caller Information can help you in tracing, debugging, and creating diagnosis tools. It will help you to avoid duplicate codes which are generally invoked in many methods for the same purpose, such as logging and tracing. You could get the following information on the caller method.
1.CallerFilePathAttribute
The full path of the source file that contains the caller. This is the file path at compile time.
2.CallerLineNumberAttribute
Line number in the source file at which the method is called.
3.CallerMemberNameAttribute
Method or property name of the caller.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
class Example
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Main method Start");
InsertLog("Main");
MyMethodB();
MyMethodA();
Console.WriteLine("Main method End!");
Console.ReadLine(); // hold on result
}
static void MyMethodA()
{
InsertLog("MyMethodA");
MyMethodB();
}
static void MyMethodB()
{
// some code here.
}
static void InsertLog(string method)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} called MyMethodB at {1}", method,
DateTime.Now);
}
}
Output:
Main method Start
Main called MyMethodB at 11/17/2013 11:12:24 PM
MyMethodA called MyMethodB at 11/17/2013 11:12:24 PM
Main method End!
In both Main and MyMethodA, the method InsertLog is invoked for logging. Now we can change the above code as follows.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
class Example
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
Console.WriteLine("Main method Start");
MyMethodB();
MyMethodA();
Console.WriteLine("Main method End!");
Console.ReadLine();
}
static void MyMethodA()
{
MyMethodB();
}
static void MyMethodB([CallerMemberName] string memberName = "", [CallerFilePath] string sourceFilePath = "", [CallerLineNumber] int sourceLineNumber = 0)
{
InsertLog(memberName);
}
static void InsertLog(string method)
{
Console.WriteLine("{0} called MyMethodB at {1}", method, DateTime.Now);
}
}
Output:
Main method Start
Main called MyMethodB at 11/17/2013 10:30:11 PM
MyMethodA called MyMethodB at 11/17/2013 10:30:11 PM
Main method End!
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Conclusion:
I hope you will enjoy these new features of C# 5.0 while programming. C# 5.0 was a major milestone in the evolution of the language, introducing features that significantly improved asynchronous programming and caller information tracking.
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