Operators in Python: Arithmetic, Relational, Assignment, Logical and Bitwise

Introduction

Are you constantly wondering what to do with programming including Python programming in particular? Have you been trying to understand concepts related to operators within the python programming language, but found yourself confused by all of its idiosyncrasies? Don’t worry, we’ve got your back. In this blog post, we will provide a comprehensive overview of some of the most common and powerful Python operators so that you got a crystal clear idea as soon as possible!

What are Operators in Python?

Types of Python Operators

• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison (Relational) Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Logical Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Membership Operators
• Identity Operators

Python Arithmetic Operators

a = 21

b = 10

# Addition
print ("a + b : ", a + b)
# Subtraction
print ("a - b : ", a - b)
# Multiplication
print ("a * b : ", a * b)
# Division
print ("a / b : ", a / b)
# Modulus
print ("a % b : ", a % b)
# Exponent
print ("a ** b : ", a ** b)
# Floor Division
print ("a // b : ", a // b)

Output

a + b : 31
a - b : 11
a * b : 210
a / b : 2.1
a % b : 1
a ** b : 16679880978201
a // b : 2

Python Comparison Operators

Example

a = 4

b = 5

# Equal
print ("a == b : ", a == b)
# Not Equal
print ("a != b : ", a != b)
# Greater Than
print ("a > b : ", a > b)
# Less Than
print ("a < b : ", a < b)
# Greater Than or Equal to
print ("a >= b : ", a >= b)
# Less Than or Equal to
print ("a <= b : ", a <= b)

Output

a == b : False
a != b : True
a > b : False
a < b : True
a >= b : False
a <= b : True

Python Assignment Operators

Example

# Assignment Operator
a = 10
# Addition Assignment
a += 5
print ("a += 5 : ", a)
# Subtraction Assignment
a -= 5
print ("a -= 5 : ", a)
# Multiplication Assignment
a *= 5
print ("a *= 5 : ", a)
# Division Assignment
a /= 5
print ("a /= 5 : ",a)
# Remainder Assignment
a %= 3
print ("a %= 3 : ", a)
# Exponent Assignment
a **= 2
print ("a **= 2 : ", a)
# Floor Division Assignment
a //= 3
print ("a //= 3 : ", a)

Output

a += 5 : 105
a -= 5 : 100
a *= 5 : 500
a /= 5 : 100.0
a %= 3 : 1.0
a **= 2 : 1.0
a //= 3 : 0.0

Python Bitwise Operators

Example

a = 60 # 60 = 0011 1100
b = 13 # 13 = 0000 1101
# Binary AND
c = a & b # 12 = 0000 1100
print ("a & b : ", c)
# Binary OR
c = a | b # 61 = 0011 1101
print ("a | b : ", c)
# Binary XOR
c = a ^ b # 49 = 0011 0001
print ("a ^ b : ", c)
# Binary Ones Complement
c = ~a; # -61 = 1100 0011
print ("~a : ", c)
# Binary Left Shift
c = a << 2; # 240 = 1111 0000
print ("a << 2 : ", c)
# Binary Right Shift
c = a >> 2; # 15 = 0000 1111
print ("a >> 2 : ", c)

Output

a & b : 12
a | b : 61
a ^ b : 49
~a : -61
a >> 2 : 240
a >> 2 : 15

Python Logical Operators

Example

a = 20
b = 20
c = -10
if a > 0 and b > 0:
 print("The numbers are greater than 0")
if a > 0 and b > 0 and c > 0:
 print("The numbers are greater than 0")
else:
 print("Atleast one number is not greater than 0")

Output

The numbers are greater than 0
Atleast one number is not greater than 0

Python Membership Operators

Example

a = 10
b = 20
list = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5 ];
if ( a in list ):
   print "Line 1 - a is available in the given list"
else:
   print "Line 1 - a is not available in the given list"
if ( b not in list ):
   print "Line 2 - b is not available in the given list"
else:
   print "Line 2 - b is available in the given list"
a = 2
if ( a in list ):
   print "Line 3 - a is available in the given list"
else:
   print "Line 3 - a is not available in the given list"

Output

Line 1 - a is not available in the given list
Line 2 - b is not available in the given list
Line 3 - a is available in the given list

Python Identity Operators

Example

a = 20
b = 20
if ( a is b ):
   print "Line 1 - a and b have same identity"
else:
   print "Line 1 - a and b do not have same identity"
if ( id(a) == id(b) ):
   print "Line 2 - a and b have same identity"
else:
   print "Line 2 - a and b do not have same identity"
b = 30
if ( a is b ):
   print "Line 3 - a and b have same identity"
else:
   print "Line 3 - a and b do not have same identity"
if ( a is not b ):
   print "Line 4 - a and b do not have same identity"
else:
   print "Line 4 - a and b have same identity"

Output

Line 1 - a and b have same identity
Line 2 - a and b have same identity
Line 3 - a and b do not have same identity
Line 4 - a and b do not have same identity

Summary

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